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Linux簡介(1)-Raspberry Pi-ok

• 講義

• 以Raspberry Pi 為例

  樹莓派(RaspberryPI)是由英國營利組織的樹莓派基金會(Raspberry Pi Foundation)所開發的一片信用卡般大的電路板，搭載處理器（ARM CPU）和Linux系統，以 SD 卡為硬碟，目的是以低價硬體及自由軟體刺激學校的電腦科學教育。樹莓派有開放許多的GPIO(General Purpose Input Output)腳位可以連接許多週邊硬體電子零件。

  

  

  外接LED燈

  

  Lesson1

  【實作一：亮燈】

  #!/usr/bin/python
  #+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  #|R|a|s|p|b|e|r|r|y|P|i|.|c|o|m|.|t|w|
  #+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  # Copyright (c) 2016, raspberrypi.com.tw
  # All rights reserved.
  # Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
  # found in the LICENSE file.
  #
  # led_on.py
  # Turn on a led 
  #
  # Author : sosorry
  # Date   : 06/22/2014
  
  import RPi.GPIO as GPIO    
  import time    
  
  GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)  
  LED_PIN = 12  
  GPIO.setup(LED_PIN, GPIO.OUT)    
  
  print("LED is on")
  GPIO.output(LED_PIN, GPIO.HIGH)    
  time.sleep(3)
  
  GPIO.cleanup() 

  Lesson

  【實作二：閃燈】

  #!/usr/bin/python
  #+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  #|R|a|s|p|b|e|r|r|y|P|i|.|c|o|m|.|t|w|
  #+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
  # Copyright (c) 2016, raspberrypi.com.tw
  # All rights reserved.
  # Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
  # found in the LICENSE file.
  #
  # led_blink.py
  # Blinking led without warning (Add try/except)
  #
  # Author : sosorry
  # Date   : 06/22/2014
  
  import RPi.GPIO as GPIO 
  import time
  
  LED_PIN = 12 
  GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BOARD)
  GPIO.setup(LED_PIN, GPIO.OUT)
  
  try:
     while True:
         print("LED is on")
         GPIO.output(LED_PIN, GPIO.HIGH)
         time.sleep(1)
  
         print("LED is off")
         GPIO.output(LED_PIN, GPIO.LOW)
         time.sleep(1)
  
  except KeyboardInterrupt:
     print("Exception: KeyboardInterrupt")
     
  finally:
     GPIO.cleanup()          

  【課後練習：紅綠燈】

  

  溫度感測器

  Lesson3

  【實作三：熱敷袋】

  sudo pip3 install Adafruit_DHT

  

  import time
  import Adafruit_DHT
  
  GPIO_PIN = 4
  
  try:
     print("--------------")
     while True:
         h, t = Adafruit_DHT.read_retry(Adafruit_DHT.DHT11,GPIO_PIN)
         if h is not None and t is not None:
             print("temp={0:0.1f}".format(t))
         else:
             print("fail,please retry")
         time.sleep(10)
  except KeyboarInterrupt:
     print('close')

  空氣盒子(PMS5003)

  Lesson4

  【實作四：空氣盒子】

  

  Raspberry Pi 安裝套件

  sudo apt-get install -y python3-libgpiod

  空氣盒子程式碼

  #!/usr/bin/python3
  #
  # source: https://github.com/raspberrypi-tw/PiM25/
  #
  # 使用方法
  # python3 pigpiod_read_g5.py 23
  import sys
  import time
  import pigpio
  import subprocess
  
  try:
     G5T_GPIO = int(sys.argv[1])
  except Exception as e:
     print(e)
     print("Usage: python3 pigpiod_read_g5t.py <PIN>")
     exit()
  
  
  ret = subprocess.Popen("sudo pidof pigpiod", shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE).stdout.read()
  
  if ret:
     pi = pigpio.pi()
  else:
     print("pigpiod was not running")
     ret = subprocess.call("sudo pigpiod", shell=True)
     time.sleep(0.5)
     pi = pigpio.pi()
  
  
  def read_g5t(pin=G5T_GPIO):
     try:
         pi.bb_serial_read_open(G5T_GPIO, 9600)
         time.sleep(1)
         size, data = pi.bb_serial_read(G5T_GPIO)
  
         try:
             import struct
         except ImportError:
             import ustruct as struct
  
         buffer = []
         data = list(data)
         buffer += data
         while buffer and buffer[0] != 0x42:
             buffer.pop(0)
  
         if len(buffer) > 200:
             buffer = []  # avoid an overrun if all bad data
         if buffer[1] != 0x4d:
             buffer.pop(0)
  
         check = sum(buffer[0:30])
         chksum = buffer[30]*256 + buffer[31]
  
         if check == chksum:
             print("==========", time.ctime(),"==========")
             PM1      = buffer[10]*256 + buffer[11]
             PM25     = buffer[12]*256 + buffer[13]
             PM10     = buffer[14]*256 + buffer[15]
             #print(PM1, PM25, PM10)
             print("PM1:   {} ug/m3".format(PM1))
             print("PM2.5: {} ug/m3".format(PM25))
             print("PM10:  {} ug/m3".format(PM10))
  
             Temp     = (buffer[24]*256 + buffer[25])/10
             Humd     = (buffer[26]*256 + buffer[27])/10
             print("Temp: {} ℃".format(Temp))
             print("Humd: {} %".format(Humd))
  
             #print(buffer[28])
  
     except Exception as e:
         print("No data received!")
         print(e)
  
     finally:
         pi.bb_serial_read_close(G5T_GPIO)
  
  
  if __name__ == '__main__':
  
     while True:
         read_g5t()
         time.sleep(1)

  樹莓派擷圖指令

  scrot

  檔案存放位置

  pi